SQLite Attach Database

Summary: in this tutorial, you will learn how to attach additional databases to the current database connection using the SQLite ATTACH DATABASE statement.

Introduction to the SQLite ATTACH DATABASE statement

When you connect to a database, its name is main regardless of the database file name. In addition, you can access the temporary database that holds temporary tables and other database objects via the temp database.

Therefore, every SQLite database connection has the main database and also temp database in case you deal with temporary database objects.

To attach an additional database to the current database connection, you use the ATTACH DATABASE statement as follows:

ATTACH DATABASE file_name AS database_name;Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

The statement associates the database file file_name with the current database connection under the logical database name database_name.

If the database file file_name does not exist, the statement creates a new database file.

Once the additional database attached, you can refer to all objects in the database under the name database_name. For example, to refer to the people table in the contacts database, you use the contacts.people.

In case you want to create a new memory database and attach it to the current database connection, you use :memory: filename.

You can attach multiple in-memory databases at the same time with a condition that each memory database must be unique.

If you specify an empty file name '', the statement creates a temporary file-backed database.

Note that SQLite automatically deletes all temporary and memory databases when the database connection is closed.

SQLite ATTACH DATABASE example

First, connect to the chinook sample database using sqlite3 command as follows:

>sqlite3 c:\sqlite\db\chinook.db;Code language: CSS (css)

Next, use the .databases command to list all databases in the current database connection.

sqlite> .databasesCode language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

SQLite returns the following output.

seq  name             file
---  ---------------  ----------------------------------------------------------
0    main             c:\sqlite\db\chinook.dbCode language: CSS (css)

Then, use the ATTACH DATABASE statement to create a new database named contacts and associates it in the current database connection.

sqlite> attach database 'c:\sqlite\db\contacts.db' as contacts;Code language: JavaScript (javascript)

Fourth, use the .database command to display all databases in the current database connection.

sqlite> .databasesCode language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

SQLite returns 2 databases as follows:

seq  name             file
---  ---------------  ----------------------------------------------------------
0    main             c:\sqlite\db\chinook.db
2    contacts         c:\sqlite\db\contacts.dbCode language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

After that, create a new table named people in the contacts database and populate data from the customers table in the main database.

sqlite> CREATE TABLE contacts.people(first_name text, last_name text);
sqlite> INSERT INTO contacts.people SELECT firstName, lastName FROM customers;Code language: CSS (css)

Notice that we referred to the people table in the contacts database using the contacts.people naming convention.

Finally, query data from the people table in the contacts database.

SELECT * FROM contacts.people;Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

For more information on the ATTACH DATABASE statement, check out its documentation.

In this tutorial, you have learned how to use the SQLite ATTACH DATABASE statement to associate additional databases in the current database connection.